Solid-state batteries and lithium materials

Are solid-state lithium batteries the future of energy storage?

Abstract In recent years, solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs) using solid electrolytes (SEs) have been widely recognized as the key next-generation energy storage technology due to its high safety, high energy density, long cycle life, good rate performance and wide operating temperature range.

What materials are used in all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries?

Cathode materials used in all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries are similar to those in the traditional lithium-ion batteries (for example, lithium transition metal oxides 136 – 139 and sulfides 140, 141). The most common anode materials are lithium metal, lithium alloys and graphite 142 – 147.

How are solid state batteries made?

At a laboratory scale, solid-state batteries based on these materials are usually prepared by compression of the solid-state electrolyte on the composite cathode, either by cold-sintering or hot sintering (see section 3.3), resulting in pellet-type cells.

Why do we need solid-state lithium batteries?

With the continuous demand for electric vehicles and electronic devices, the pursuit of energy storage devices that offer superior safety and energy density has accelerated the development of solid-state lithium batteries.

Are solid-state lithium batteries safe?

Solid-state lithium batteries exhibit high-energy density and exceptional safety performance, thereby enabling an extended driving range for electric vehicles in the future. Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are the key materials in solid-state batteries that guarantee the safety performance of the battery.

What materials can be used in solid-state batteries?

Researchers have been exploring a variety of new materials, including ceramics, polymers, and composites, for their potential in solid-state batteries. These materials offer advantages like better stability and safety compared to traditional liquid electrolytes. Advances in fabrication methods have also been pivotal.