Vanadium energy storage technology improvement measures plan

Do vanadium redox flow batteries use more than one element?

Unlike other RFBs, vanadium redox flow batteries (VRBs) use only one element (vanadium) in both tanks, exploiting vanadium’s ability to exist in several states. By using one element in both tanks, VRBs can overcome cross-contamination degradation, a significant issue with other RFB chemistries that use more than one element.

What is the energy storage program?

The Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability’s Energy Storage Program is funding research to develop next-generation VRBs that reduce costs by improving energy and power densities, widening the operating temperature window, and simplifying and optimizing stack/system designs.

Does CL - improve the redox activity of the vanadium ion redox reaction?

It is found that Cl - can improve the activity of the vanadium ion redox reaction and reduce the charge transfer resistance. The VRFBs with 0.04 M Cl - in the electrolytes have an electrolyte utilization and EE of 86.3 % and 82.5 % at 200 mA cm −2, respectively, and even at 400 mA cm −2, the EE remains at 70 %.

What is a 1 kw/1 kWh VRB stack?

A 1 kW/1 kWh VRB stack has been successfully demonstrated using the new mixed-acid electrolyte, showing significantly improved energy density and temperature stability. In addition, a low-cost separator for VRB applications has been successfully developed, which can further reduce the cost of VRB systems.