Enterprises producing lead-acid batteries in China and Africa

How many lead batteries are produced each year in China?

Every year in China, approximately 300,000 lead batteries are replaced in motor vehicles and ships alone, and the annual growth rate of WLAB production is 7% (Bai et al., 2016). With the development of consumer electric bicycles, vehicles, and electronic communication devices, the number of LABs is expected to increase each year.

Who are the leading battery manufacturers in China?

It has successfully won the trust of top international enterprises such as China Mobile, China Telecom, Siemens, IBM, HP and GE, and has established long-term and stable cooperative relations. NPP Battery Product Series Founded in 1994, Vision Battery is a key battery manufacturer in China and successfully listed in 2014.

Why is shuangdeng a leading lead acid battery manufacturer?

Shuangdeng has become one of the enterprises with the largest number of patents in the industry, with a huge core technology library of independent intellectual property rights,also as one of the top 10 lead acid battery manufacturers.

How much lead is recycled in China?

Xi Tian, Yufeng Wu, [] In 2013, more than four million (metric) tons (MT) of refined lead went into batteries in China, and 1.5 MT of scrap lead recycled from these batteries was reused in other secondary materials.

Which countries levy a tax on lead batteries?

Denmark and the Netherlands levy a tax on each lead battery or vehicle to pay for the collection of lead batteries and subsidize the loss-making process of secondary lead recycling. Greece and Ireland have established funding programs to finance project development and related research on lead batteries and other metal recycling projects.

Where are secondary lead enterprises located in China?

Moreover, nearly one-half of the country lacks secondary lead enterprises, including five provinces in the central and western regions, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces in the northeast, as well as Fujian and Hainan. Fig. 3. Distribution of secondary lead enterprises in China in 2019 (a) and 2021 (b).